DITA map attributes

DITA maps often encode structures that are specific to a particular medium or output, for example, Web pages or a PDF document. Attributes, such as @deliveryTarget and @toc, are designed to help processors interpret the DITA map for each kind of output. Many of these attributes are not available in DITA topics; individual topics, once separated from the high-level structures and dependencies associated with a particular kind of output, should be entirely reusable regardless of the intended output format.

@collection-type

The @collection-type attribute specifies how the children of a <topicref> element relate to their parent and to each other. This attribute, which is set on the parent element, typically is used by processors to determine how to generate navigation links in the rendered topics. For example, a @collection-type value of "sequence" indicates that children of the specifying <topicref> element represent an ordered sequence of topics; processors might add numbers to the list of child topics or generate next/previous links for online presentation. This attribute is available in topics on the <linklist> and <linkpool> elements, where it has the same behavior. Where the @collection-type attribute is available on elements that cannot directly contain elements (such as <reltable> or <topicref>), the behavior of the attribute is reserved for future use.

@linking

By default, the relationships between the topics that are referenced in a map are reciprocal:

• Child topics link to parent topics and vice versa.
• Next and previous topics in a sequence link to each other.
• Topics in a family link to their sibling topics.
• Topics referenced in the table cells of the same row in a relationship table link to each other. A topic referenced within a table cell does not (by default) link to other topics referenced in the same table cell.

This behavior can be modified by using the @linking attribute, which enables an author or information architect to specify how a topic should participate in a relationship. The following values are valid:

linking="none"

Specifies that the topic does not exist in the map for the purposes of calculating links.

linking="sourceonly"

Specifies that the topic will link to its related topics but not vice versa.

linking="targetonly"

Specifies that the related topics will link to it but not vice versa.

linking="normal"

Default value. It specifies that linking will be reciprocal (the topic will link to related topics, and they will link back to it).

Authors also can create links directly in a topic by using the <xref> or <link> elements, but in most cases map-based linking is preferable, because links in topics create dependencies between topics that can hinder reuse.

Note that while the relationships between the topics that are referenced in a map are reciprocal, the relationships merely imply reciprocal links in generated output that includes links. The rendered navigation links are a function of the presentation style that is determined by the processor.

@toc

Specifies whether topics are excluded from navigation output, such as a Web site map or an online table of contents. By default, <topicref> hierarchies are included in navigation output; relationship tables are excluded.

@navtitle

Specifies a navigation title. This is a shorter version of the title that is used in the navigation only. By default, the @navtitle attribute is ignored; it serves only to help the DITA map author keep track of the title of the topic.

Note

The @navtitle attribute is deprecated in favor of the <navtitle> element. When both a <navtitle> element and a @navtitle attribute are specified, the <navtitle> element should be used.

@locktitle

If @locktitle is set to "yes", the <navtitle> element or @navtitle attribute is used if it is present. Otherwise, the <navtitle> element or @navtitle attribute is ignored and the navigation title is retrieved from the referenced file.

Note

The @navtitle attribute is deprecated in favor of the <navtitle> element. When both a <navtitle> element and a @navtitle attribute are specified, the <navtitle> element should be used.

@print

Specifies whether the topic should be included in printed output.

Note

Beginning with DITA 1.3, the @print attribute is deprecated. It is replaced with a conditional processing attribute: @deliveryTarget. See @deliveryTarget for more details.

@search

Specifies whether the topic should be included in search indexes.

@chunk

Specifies that the processor generates an interim set of DITA topics that are used as the input for the final processing. This can produce the following output results:

• Multi-topic files are transformed into smaller files, for example, individual HTML files for each DITA topic.
• Individual DITA topics are combined into a single file.

Specifying a value for the @chunk attribute on a <map> element establishes chunking behavior that applies to the entire map, unless overridden by @chunk attributes that are set on more specific elements in the DITA map. For a detailed description of the @chunk attribute and its usage, see Chunking.

@copy-to

In most situations, specifies whether a duplicate version of the topic is created when it is transformed. This duplicate version can be either literal or virtual. The value of the @copy-to attribute specifies the uniform resource identifier (URI) by which the topic can be referenced by a @conref attribute, <topicref> element, or <xref> element. The duplication is a convenience for output processors that use the URI of the topic to generate the base address of the output. The @keys and @keyref attributes provide an alternative mechanism; they enable references to topics in specific-use contexts.

The @copy-to attribute also can be used to specify the name of a new chunk when topics are being chunked; it also can be used to determine the name of the stub topic that is generated from a <topicref> element that contains a title but does not specify a target. In both of those cases, no duplicate version of the topic is generated.

For information on how the @copy-to attribute can be used with the @chunk attribute, see Chunking.

@processing-role

Specifies whether the topic or map referenced should be processed normally or treated as a resource that is only included in order to resolve key or content references.

processing-role="normal"

The topic is a readable part of the information set. It is included in navigation and search results. This is the default value for the <topicref> element.

processing-role="resource-only"

The topic should be used only as a resource for processing. It is not included in navigation or search results, nor is it rendered as a topic. This is the default value for the <keydef> element.

If the @processing-role attribute is not specified locally, the value cascades from the closest element in the containment hierarchy.

@cascade

Specifies whether the default rules for the cascading of metadata attributes in a DITA map apply. In addition to the following specified values, processors also MAY define additional values.

cascade="merge"

The metadata attributes cascade; the values of the metadata attributes are additive. This is the processing default for the @cascade attribute and was the only defined behavior for DITA 1.2 and earlier.

cascade="nomerge"

The metadata attributes cascade; however, they are not additive for <topicref> elements that specify a different value for a specific metadata attribute. If the cascading value for an attribute is already merged based on multiple ancestor elements, that merged value continues to cascade until a new value is encountered (that is, setting cascade="nomerge" does not undo merging that took place on ancestors).

For more information, see Example: How the @cascade attribute functions.

@keys

Specifies one or more key names.

@keyscope

Defines a new scope for key definition and resolution, and gives the scope one or more names. For more information about key scopes, see Indirect key-based addressing.

Attributes in the list above are used exclusively or primarily in maps, but many important map attributes are shared with elements in topics. DITA maps also use many of the following attributes that are used with linking elements in DITA topics, such as <link> and <xref>:

• @format
• @href
• @keyref
• @scope
• @type

The following metadata and reuse attributes are used by both DITA maps and DITA topics:

• @product, @platform, @audience, @otherprops, @rev, @status, @importance
• @dir, @xml:lang, @translate
• @id, @conref, @conrefend, @conkeyref, @conaction
• @props and any attribute specialized from @props (such as @deliveryTarget)
• @search

When new attributes are specialized from @props or @base as a domain, they can be incorporated into both map and topic structural types.